In Muscle Cells, the Following Reaction Proceeds as Written, I

question 46

Multiple Choice

In muscle cells, the following reaction proceeds as written, i.e. , from left to right, despite having Δ G ° ' ≈ +30 kJ\mol. How can this occur?
Malate + NAD⁺ → oxaloacetate + NADH + H⁺

• A) It is obviously thermodynamically favored under standard conditions.
• B) In the cell, it is kinetically favored, even though it's thermodynamically unfavored.
• C) The concentration of malate must be higher than oxaloacetate for this reaction to occur in the cell.
• D) [H⁺] must be higher in muscle than under standard conditions, thus altering Δ G ° ' to Δ G ° .

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