The Addictive Component in Cigarettes Is Nicotine

question 29

Essay

The addictive component in cigarettes is nicotine. Explain the effect of excess nicotine on nicotine receptor (also called the nicotinic acetylcholine receptor) expression level. How would this upregulation or downregulation of the nicotine receptor occur? Could this explain withdrawal to nicotine?

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Definitions:

Growth Factors

Naturally occurring substances capable of stimulating cellular growth, proliferation, and cellular differentiation, usually considered essential for cell signaling.

Exocrine Role

Refers to the function of exocrine glands in secreting substances through ducts to an external or internal surface.

Pancreas

A glandular organ in the digestive and endocrine system of vertebrates producing digestive enzymes and hormones like insulin.

Pheromones

Chemical substances produced and released into the environment by an animal, affecting the behavior or physiology of others of its own species.