Which Example Illustrates How "Maximum Likelihood" Is Used by Systematists

question 28

Multiple Choice

Which example illustrates how "maximum likelihood" is used by systematists?

• A) Assigning humans and chimpanzees to a less inclusive taxon
• B) Using the simplest explanation necessary to interpret the data
• C) Establishing the membership in a clade using the phenetic approach
• D) Distinguishing shared ancestral characteristics and shared derived characters
• E) Using probability to determine that the nucleotide sequences in DNA and RNA change at a constant rate over time

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Definitions:

William McDougall

A psychologist known for his work on social psychology and introducing the concept of the "group mind" and the theory of instincts.

Human Instincts

Innate, biologically determined and genetically programmed behaviors that are essential for the survival and reproduction of humans.

Motivational Processes

The procedures, mechanisms, or sequences of events that lead to motivated behavior, including the initiation, direction, intensity, and persistence of actions.

Motivation

The process that initiates, guides, and maintains goal-oriented behaviors, driven by internal or external factors.