The Concerted Action Requirement of the Sherman Act Section 1

question 82

Multiple Choice

The concerted action requirement of the Sherman Act Section 1:

• A) may be established by an express agreement.
• B) is not met when a parent corporation and its wholly owned subsidiaries agree to a restraint in trade.
• C) requires factors, additional to conscious parallelism, such as identical sealed bids from each competitor.
• D) All of these

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Definitions:

Authority

The power or right to give orders, make decisions, and enforce obedience, often within a specific context such as an organization or institution.

Influence

The power to affect or change behavior, opinions, or the course of events through direct actions or persuasions.

Control

The ability to shape or control the actions of others or the progression of events.

Extrinsic Rewards

Benefits and/or rewards that come from an external source, such as money, promotions, or praise.