Draw a Cladogram That for the Following Animals: Sponges, Cnidarians

question 27

Essay

Draw a cladogram that for the following animals: sponges, cnidarians, flatworms, echinoderms, chordates, molluscs, annelids, nematodes, and arthropods. On your cladogram indicate the points where the following evolved: 1) true tissues, 2) bilateral symmetry, 3) three germ layers, 4) segmentation, 5) protostome development, and 6) deuterostome development.

---

Definitions:

First Cells

The earliest forms of life on Earth, thought to have appeared around 3.8 billion years ago, from which all living organisms have evolved.

Chemoautotroph Bacteria

Microorganisms that obtain energy through chemical reactions using inorganic molecules, supporting themselves without needing sunlight or organic nutrients.

Carbon Dioxide

A colorless, odorless gas produced by burning carbon and organic compounds and by respiration, absorbed by plants in photosynthesis.

Organic Compound

A chemical compound that contains carbon atoms bonded to hydrogen atoms and often other elements, found in all living organisms.