Which of the Following Is Not a Valid Criticism of Intelligence

question 70

Multiple Choice

Which of the following is not a valid criticism of intelligence tests?

• A)They may not predict success in school.
• B)They may be biased against certain ethnic or racial groups.
• C)They may have a negative impact on the self-image of children who discover they have scored poorly.
• D)Test scores may reflect factors unrelated to intelligence (e.g., motivation).

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Definitions:

Congruence

The state of agreement or harmony; in psychology, it refers to the alignment between one's self-image and actual behavior.

Counseling Interaction

The exchange between a counselor and a client during a session, characterized by communication and relational dynamics to foster change.

Client-Counselor Relationship

A professional, therapeutic connection between a counselor and client, crucial for effective intervention and support.

Theory

A system of ideas intended to explain something, based on general principles independent of the thing to be explained.