ML Is a 34-Year-Old Male Computer Programmer with a BMI

question 50

Multiple Choice

M.L. is a 34-year-old male computer programmer with a BMI of 26 who is seeking dietary counseling. His dose of Prilosec was recently increased, and although he now suffers less often from heartburn symptoms, he is also leery of medical side effects and would like any and all suggestions to manage his GERD "naturally." Having had GERD for the past eight years and been on some form of antacid or antisecretory medication continuously during that time, M.L. knows what foods or factors cause symptoms, and is able to generally avoid them; hence, he has not had reflux esophagitis in over a year. A 24-hour diet history reveals M.L. ate these foods yesterday: Breakfast: Skipped
Snack: Fresh pear; instant oatmeal made with water, eaten with brown sugar and two non-dairy creamers; skim milk
Lunch: Lean turkey lunch meat on whole-grain bread with lettuce, tomato, and mustard; 100% grape juice diluted with water; snack pack of carrots, no dressing
Snack: Sugar cookies; skim milk
Dinner: Tempura (deep-fried, breaded) salmon; buttered rice; salad with lettuce and tomato; vinegar and oil dressing; water
Snack, at bedtime: Ginger ale and ginger snap cookies
The medication M.L. takes is a proton-pump inhibitor medication that works by:

• A) decreasing gastric acid production.
• B) neutralizing gastric acid.
• C) coating the esophagus.
• D) preventing tissue inflammation.
• E) inhibiting the lower esophageal sphincter.

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Definitions:

Great Violence

Intense or extreme physical force used to harm others or cause destruction, often associated with aggression or conflict.

Outgroup Homogeneity Bias

Outgroup Homogeneity Bias is the tendency to view individuals from outside one’s own group as more similar to each other than those within the group, leading to stereotypical thinking.

Group Attribution Error

The tendency to make broad stereotypical judgments about a group based on the actions of a few individuals within that group.

Ultimate Attribution Error

A bias in which negative behaviors by out-group members are attributed to their character, while similar actions by in-group members are attributed to situational factors.