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Sunk costs
Independent Random Samples
Groups of randomly selected samples from a population where the selection of an item for one sample does not influence the selection for another sample.
Standard Error
The standard deviation of the sampling distribution of a statistic, most commonly the mean, which provides a measure of its precision.
Mean Time
The average value of time taken for an event to occur, commonly used in the context of mean time to failure or mean time between failures in reliability engineering.
Standard Deviation
A measure of the amount of variation or dispersion in a set of values, showing how much the values deviate from the mean.
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