Someone Notices That Sunspot Activity Is High Just Prior to Recessions

question 57

Multiple Choice

Someone notices that sunspot activity is high just prior to recessions and concludes that sunspots cause recessions. This person has:

• A) confused association and causation.
• B) misunderstood the Ceteris paribus assumption.
• C) used normative economics to answer a positive question.
• D) built an untestable model.

---

Definitions:

Business Sponsorship

A form of marketing strategy where a business supports an event, activity, person, or organization financially or through the provision of products or services.

Important Election

A significant electoral process that has widespread implications on the governance, policy, and direction of a political body.

Lawyers

Professionals who are qualified to offer advice about the law or to represent someone in legal matters, playing a crucial role in the justice system by advocating and defending legal rights.

Civil Society

The domain of social life that is organized, voluntary, and autonomous from the state, encompassing non-governmental organizations, community groups, and other social movements.