A Correlation Exists When

question 53

Multiple Choice

A correlation exists when

• A) two variables are related to each other.
• B) two variables have the same underlying cause.
• C) two variables are affected by a third variable.
• D) a cause-and-effect relationship exists between two variables.

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Definitions:

Reinforcement Contingencies

Conditions in which the delivery of rewards or punishments are contingent upon a specific behavior, used to increase or decrease the likelihood of that behavior's occurrence.

Shaping

A method of teaching new behaviors by successively reinforcing behaviors that approximate the target behavior.

Higher-Order Conditioning

A type of learning where a new stimulus becomes associated with an already conditioned stimulus, resulting in the same conditioned response.

Spontaneous Recovery

Following a period without exposure to the conditioned stimulus, a conditioned response that had previously disappeared resurfaces.