An Experimenter Collected Data on How Well a Study Guide

question 22

Multiple Choice

An experimenter collected data on how well a study guide improved grades on an exam taken late in the semester compared to an exam taken early in the semester. Using a related sample means t test, the results showed that later grades were higher than early grades ( t (74) = 3.64, p

• A) The design controlled for students who did poorly both times.
• B) The design controlled for extraneous variables like intelligence levels.
• C) The design controlled for carry-over effects from already having taken one exam when the second exam was administered.
• D) All of the above are advantages of this design.

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Definitions:

Testosterone Levels

The concentration of the hormone testosterone in the bloodstream, affecting physical development, sexual functions, and mood.

Brain Scans

Imaging techniques used to visualize the structure or function of the brain, including methods like MRI and fMRI.

Personality Traits

Enduring characteristics that describe an individual's consistent patterns of feeling, thinking, and behaving.

2D:4D Ratio

A physiological trait theorized to indicate exposure to certain hormones in the womb, measured by comparing the length of the index finger to the ring finger.