In the Spilich Et Al

question 28

Multiple Choice

In the Spilich et al. study of the effects of smoking that was discussed in the text, active smokers were found to do better than nonsmokers on a driving task but did worse than nonsmokers on a cognitive task. However, over all three tasks (the third was pattern recognition and the groups were not different on that) active smokers did not differ from nonsmokers on performance. The results suggest

• A) an interaction between smoke group and task, and a main effect for smoke group.
• B) an interaction between smoke group and task, but no main effect for smoke group.
• C) a main effect for smoke group, but no interaction between smoke group and task.
• D) a main effect for task only.

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Definitions:

Five-Dollar Bill

A banknote valued at five units of currency, typically issued by national governments.

Encoding Failure

A situation in which information does not enter the brain's long-term memory and is thus forgotten.

Sensory Memory

The shortest-term element of memory that allows individuals to retain impressions of sensory information after the original stimuli have ended.

Storage

The act of maintaining and holding information in the brain for future retrieval.