Which of the Following Is NOT One of the Key

question 16

Multiple Choice

Which of the following is NOT one of the key features of "the new penology" approach to probation?

• A) It conceives of crime as a systemic phenomenon and crime policy as a problem of actuarial risk management.
• B) It embraces the objective of risk management and the management of the system itself.
• C) Techniques of profiling and screening are used as ways of improving control over penal agents and subjects.
• D) It focuses more on treatment and offering services to penal agents.

---

Definitions:

Gender Egalitarianism

The belief in the equality of all genders, advocating for equal rights, responsibilities, and opportunities for people regardless of their gender.

LMX Model

The Leader-Member Exchange model, which focuses on the relationship between leaders and their followers, highlighting the importance of that dynamic in organizational effectiveness.

Cultural Clusters

Groups of countries that share similar cultural dimensions and traits, facilitating understanding in global interactions.

Leadership Qualities

Attributes and competencies that enable an individual to inspire, influence, and guide groups or individuals.