In the United States, the Practice of Probation Began in 1841

question 78

Multiple Choice

In the United States, the practice of probation began in 1841 in Boston due to the work of:

• A) Howard.
• B) Manconochie.
• C) Bentham.
• D) Augustus.

---

Definitions:

Network Structure

A framework that outlines how different nodes or points in a network are connected and communicate with each other.

Rigid Hierarchies

Organizational structures with strictly defined roles and ranks, limiting flexibility and often hindering rapid decision-making.

Collaboration

The process of two or more people or organizations working together to complete a task or achieve a goal.

Output Control System

A management strategy focusing on measuring and regulating the outputs or results of a process, rather than the process itself.