Which of the Following Causes a Leftward Shift in the Short-Run

question 30

Multiple Choice

Which of the following causes a leftward shift in the short-run aggregate supply curve?

• A) An increase of goods prices while nominal incomes are unchanged.
• B) An increase in nominal incomes.
• C) An increase of full-employment real GDP.
• D) An increase of personal consumption expenditures while the price level is unchanged.
• E) An increase of personal consumption expenditures while full-employment real GDP is unchanged.

---

Definitions:

Stockpiled Resources

Refers to accumulated materials or goods kept on hand for future use, often in preparation for shortages or emergencies.

Reverse Conditioning

A behavior modification technique where the conditioning process is applied in reverse, to eliminate or alter an unwanted behavior or reaction.

Systematic Desensitization

A behavioral therapy technique aimed at reducing anxiety or fear through gradual exposure to the feared object or situation.

Negative Attitude Change

The process through which an individual's favorable perspective or feeling towards an object, person, or situation becomes unfavorable.