Which of the Following Is NOT One of the Criticisms

question 171

Multiple Choice

Which of the following is NOT one of the criticisms of Fiedler's contingency model of leadership?

• A) The LPC measure lacks validity.
• B) Its assumptions about the flexibility of leader behavior are unrealistic.
• C) It is unrealistic to combine the behavior and trait approaches in one theory.
• D) Fiedler's data are subject to other interpretations.
• E) Fiedler's results are not always supported by research.

---

Definitions:

Cognitive Dissonance

The psychological discomfort experienced when holding two or more conflicting cognitions (beliefs, attitudes, or values).

Free Association

A psychoanalytic technique in which a patient says whatever comes to mind without censorship as a way to uncover unconscious thoughts or feelings.

Meditation

A practice where an individual uses a technique – such as mindfulness, or focusing the mind on a particular object, thought, or activity – to train attention and awareness, and achieve a mentally clear and emotionally calm and stable state.

Chronic Pain

A persistent pain that lasts weeks to years, often in spite of treatment or therapy.