Why Must Learning Be Studied with Experimental Instead of Observational

question 52

Multiple Choice

Why must learning be studied with experimental instead of observational techniques?

• A)Causes can only be inferred, not observed directly.
• B)Causes are very similar across situations.
• C)Observations only provide evidence of prior experiences.
• D)Observational studies are only sufficient to document short-term behavior changes.

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Definitions:

Field Research

A method of gathering primary data from a natural environment without doing a lab experiment or a survey.

Social Theories

A set of principles and frameworks that seek to understand how societies operate, how social processes work, and the complex interactions between individuals and society.

Emic Analyses

Analyses that seek to understand cultural phenomena from the perspective of the insider, emphasizing context-specific meanings and practices.

Cultural Universals

These are elements, patterns, traits, or institutions that are common to all human cultures worldwide.