Which of the Following Is Not a Modal Action Pattern

question 43

Multiple Choice

Which of the following is not a modal action pattern?

• A)the startle response of rats
• B)the beak-pecking behavior of herring gull chicks
• C)the nest building behaviors of male sticklebacks
• D)the courtship interactions of ring doves.

---

Definitions:

Mean

The arithmetic average of a set of numbers, calculated by dividing the sum of the values by the number of values.

Variance

A measure of how much values in a dataset differ from the mean, indicating the distribution's spread.

Standard Deviation

The measure of the dispersion of a set of values relative to its mean, indicating how spread out the values are.

Standard Normal Curve

A bell-shaped curve that is symmetric about the mean, representing the distribution of a standard normal variable with a mean of zero and a variance of one.