A. What Is an Undisclosed Principal

question 12

Essay

a. What is an undisclosed principal?
b. What is a partially disclosed principal?
c. What liability does an agent have to a third party when the principal is either undisclosed or partially disclosed?
d. Dale is asked to be an agent for Phil, but Phil does not wish third parties to know that Dale represents him. In light of your answer to part (c), why would Dale want to be an agent for Phil? Why would Phil wish that third parties not know his identity? Explain.

Understand how a consumer’s utility maximization affects the adoption of new products.

Learn about the sources of R&D funding and the significance of retained earnings for large corporations.

Realize the significance of pricing and marginal utility in the success of new products.

Understand strategies firms employ towards innovation, including fast-second strategies and the impact of market competition.

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Definitions:

Normal Good

A good for which demand increases as consumer income rises, and decreases as consumer income falls.

Income Elasticity

A rephrased definition: The responsiveness of demand for an item to changes in the income of the people demanding the item.

Inferior Good

A good or service whose consumption declines as income rises, prices held constant.

Positive

Characterized by or denoting an effect, result, or attribute that is beneficial or conducive to growth or well-being.