How Did Scientists Estimate Variations in Solar Output in the Past,before

question 111

Multiple Choice

How did scientists estimate variations in solar output in the past,before direct measurements?

• A) by measuring carbon-14 concentrations in tree rings
• B) by measuring carbon dioxide concentrations in ice cores
• C) by measuring ozone concentrations in ice cores
• D) by measuring the changing extent of Arctic sea ice
• E) by measuring changes in distribution of terrestrial plants

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Definitions:

Ultrasound

Prenatal diagnostic procedure in which high-frequency sound waves are directed at the mother’s abdomen to provide clear images of the womb projected onto a video monitor.

Fetus Genotype

The genetic makeup of a fetus, encompassing all the genes inherited from both parents.

Chromosomal Disorders

Conditions caused by abnormalities in chromosome number or structure, affecting growth and development.

Developing Fetus

The stage of human development in the womb from the end of the embryonic stage to birth.