Two pistons push down on the fluid filling two cylinders connected by a narrow hose, as shown in the figure. The area A 1 is 1 square inch, and the area A 2 is 10 square inches. A force of 4 pounds is exerted downward on piston 1, as shown. 
The force F 2 needed to keep piston 2 in place is 40 pounds.
Definitions:
Granite
Granite is a coarse-grained igneous rock composed mainly of quartz, feldspar, and mica, widely used in construction due to its durability.
Volcanic Neck
A vertical column of volcanic rock, formed by magma solidifying in the vent of an inactive volcano.
Igneous Feature
A geological structure formed from hardened lava or magma, such as a volcano or granite intrusion.
Dike
A sheetlike intrusion that cuts across any layers in a host rock, commonly formed with a steep orientation.
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