Defeats and Losses of Territory That Took Place in the Early

question 37

Multiple Choice

Defeats and losses of territory that took place in the early part of the 1700s convinced the grand viziers and Ottoman sultans that their best course of action was to

• A) welcome the Europeans, thereby paying lip service to the outsiders but managing to secure their faith from interference.
• B) immediately raise a new army and try to attack the Europeans unexpectedly.
• C) dramatically reform Ottoman society so as to be more acceptable to the "invaders."
• D) build up and improve their military structure, but modernize as conservatively as possible.
• E) carry out reforms by bringing in European teachers and curriculum.

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Definitions:

Hostile Witness

A witness whose testimony is adverse to the party who called them to testify, often requiring cross-examination techniques.

Subpoena

A legal document ordering someone to attend court as a witness or to present documents relevant to a case.

Lay Witnesses

Individuals who provide testimony in a legal proceeding based on their personal knowledge or experience, not expert opinion.

Co-Worker's Future Prognosis

Predictions or forecasts about the future career or professional development path of a colleague.