Perform the Indicated Operation

question 111

Essay

Perform the indicated operation. Reduce your answer to lowest terms.

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Definitions:

Cause-and-effect Relationship

A connection between two events where one is the result of the other or occurring as a direct consequence.

Operational Definition

A clear, precise description of a variable in terms of the procedures used to measure or manipulate it.

Theory

A systematic set of ideas intended to explain phenomena, based on general principles independent of the thing to be explained.

Observed Phenomena

Events or occurrences that have been noticed and recorded, especially ones that are unusual or of scientific interest.