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How Did New Directions in Science Challenge More Traditional Enlightenment

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How did new directions in science challenge more traditional Enlightenment views?


Definitions:

Industrial Societies

Societies characterized by a reliance on mechanized labor to create material goods, representing a shift from agrarian economies.

Contradictory Class Location

A term in sociology that describes individuals or groups whose class position shares characteristics of both the capitalist and working classes.

Petite Bourgeoisie

Refers to the lower middle class, historically defined as small business owners and workers who aspire to be part of the bourgeoisie, or middle class.

Bourgeoisie

The class of modern capitalists who own the means of production and employ wage labor, as distinguished from the proletariat in Marxist theory.

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