A 65-Year-Old Man Is Brought to the Emergency Department by a Friend

question 9

Multiple Choice

A 65-year-old man is brought to the emergency department by a friend who found the patient disoriented in his apartment.  The patient's medical history includes chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, hypertension, coronary artery disease, and tobacco use.  He is unmarried and lives alone.  The friend says that the patient has a sister who lives in the area but is unaware of when they last spoke.  The friend has known the patient for 5 years and says that they are "good buddies."  He tells the physician that they have discussed dying and that he believes the patient would prefer to "go naturally" and would refuse any heroic measures, including "being hooked up to a ventilator."  Temperature is 39 C (102.2 F) , blood pressure is 120/80 mm Hg, pulse is 105/min, and respirations are 24/min.  Oxygen saturation is 88% on room air and 93% on 2 L of oxygen.  The patient is somnolent and unable to answer questions.  The lungs have bilateral wheezing and decreased breath sounds.  Chest x-ray reveals a right lower lobe infiltrate.  Appropriate bronchodilator and antibiotic therapies are initiated.  The physician is concerned about the need for intubation if the patient does not respond to initial treatment in the next 2-3 hours.  Which of the following is the most appropriate course of action?

• A)Attempt to contact the patient's sister for consent to intubate
• B)Consult the hospital ethics committee
• C)Do not intubate based on the friend's report of the patient's wishes
• D)Plan to proceed with intubation when the need arises
• E)Wait to see if the patient's condition improves on therapy and he can sign consent

Identify the significance of collecting relevant and timely data for specific research needs.

Understand the role of management commitment and the potential impact of research findings on decision-making.

Comprehend the challenges and advantages of using secondary data for marketing research.

Appreciate the importance of data mining and big data in uncovering consumer patterns and improving business strategies.

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Definitions:

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Cost of Goods Manufactured

The total cost incurred by a company to manufacture its products, including materials, labor, and overhead expenses.

Total Factory Overhead Costs

The cumulative costs associated with the indirect manufacturing processes, including indirect labor, materials, and other expenses.