A Group of Investigators Is Studying the Process of Bone

question 109

Multiple Choice

A group of investigators is studying the process of bone remodeling in response to steroid hormones.  Twenty adult female rats are randomly divided into 2 groups, with one group undergoing bilateral oophorectomy and the other undergoing sham laparotomy to serve as a control group.  Eight weeks after the surgery, bone samples are obtained from all animals.  Immunohistochemical evaluation shows overexpression of receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa B (RANK) on the surface of certain bone cells in the oophorectomized animals.  Which of the following is the most likely effect of the observed finding?

• A)Decreased bone mineralization
• B)Decreased osteocyte apoptosis
• C)Decreased osteoid formation
• D)Increased bone resorption
• E)Increased osteoprotegerin levels

Recognize the importance of efficient scheduling in healthcare management.

Understand the importance and sources of high-quality evidence in literature for nursing research.

Recognize the purpose and significance of a literature review in the research process.

Identify and formulate quantitative research questions in clinical nursing settings.