A Large Cohort Study Is Conducted to Assess the Association

question 98

Multiple Choice

A large cohort study is conducted to assess the association between smoking and squamous cell carcinoma of the esophagus among middle-aged Chinese men.  During 10 years of follow-up, smokers have 5 times the risk of esophageal carcinoma compared to non-smokers (relative risk = 5.0, 95% confidence interval = 2.9-7.1) .  According to the study results, what percentage of squamous cell carcinoma of the esophagus in smokers can be attributed to smoking?

• A)25%
• B)50%
• C)70%
• D)80%
• E)90%

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Definitions:

Reconstruction Era

The period after the American Civil War, from 1865 to 1877, focused on rebuilding the United States and integrating freed slaves into society.

Anti-immigrant

Opposition to immigration, often characterized by policies or social attitudes that discourage the arrival or integration of foreigners.

Ku Klux Klan

The Ku Klux Klan is a white supremacist group that was originally founded in the aftermath of the American Civil War, known for its use of terrorism, violence, and intimidation to oppose civil rights for African Americans and other minority groups.

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