A New Biomarker Has Been Identified That Allows for the Early

question 64

Multiple Choice

A new biomarker has been identified that allows for the early detection of invasive gastric carcinoma.  It has a sensitivity of 89% and a specificity of 85% when compared to endoscopy with multiple biopsies.  The test is used in 2 groups: a population in the United States, where 5 out of 100,000 people have gastric cancer, and a population in China, where 100 out of 100,000 people have been diagnosed with the disease.  Which of the following is the most accurate statement concerning this new test?

• A)Negative predictive value of the test is lower in the American population
• B)Positive predictive value of the test is higher in the Chinese population
• C)Sensitivity of the test is higher in the American population
• D)Specificity of the test is higher in the Chinese population
• E)The test is not reliable in the American population

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Definitions:

Demand-Based Concept

A pricing strategy where prices are set based on consumer demand, often leading to dynamic pricing models.

Market Price

The current price at which an asset or service can be bought or sold.

Variable Cost Concept

The principle stating that costs change in proportion to changes in volume of activity or production.

Cost-Plus Approach

A pricing strategy where the selling price is determined by adding a specific markup to a product's cost price to cover overheads and profit.