A Test Is Used to Diagnose Dementia in a Population

question 36

Multiple Choice

A test is used to diagnose dementia in a population of 1,000 women age ≥75.  The test has a sensitivity of 80% and a specificity of 90%.  The test is then used as a diagnostic tool in 2 other populations of women of the same age: population 1 has a prevalence of dementia of 15%, and population 2 has a prevalence of dementia of 30%.  Which of the following best describes how the negative predictive values (NPV) and the positive predictive values (PPV) from populations 1 and 2 relate to each other?

• A)NPV and PPV do not change as prevalence changes
• B)NPV in population 1 < NPV population 2; PPV in population 1 < PPV population 2
• C)NPV in population 1 < NPV population 2; PPV in population 1 > PPV population 2
• D)NPV in population 1 > NPV population 2; PPV in population 1 < PPV population 2
• E)NPV in population 1 > NPV population 2; PPV in population 1 > PPV population 2

---

Definitions:

Crisis Intervention

Crisis intervention is a short-term assistance used to help individuals experiencing an acute psychological crisis to restore equilibrium to their biopsychosocial functioning and minimize potential trauma.

Abusive Relationships

Relationships characterized by the presence of physical, emotional, sexual, or psychological abuse between partners.

Legal Pathway

A term describing the formal legal procedures or courses of action that must be followed in various legal contexts or situations.

Intimate Partner Violence

A pattern of behavior in a relationship that is used to gain or maintain power and control over an intimate partner.