A 17-Year-Old Boy Is Brought to the Office Due to Occasional

question 686

Multiple Choice

A 17-year-old boy is brought to the office due to occasional blood in the urine.  The first episode occurred 1 year ago during a flulike illness, and resolved spontaneously.  The patient had a similar episode about 6 months ago, which also seemed to resolve.  He has no other medical conditions and does not use tobacco or alcohol.  There is no history of blood or kidney disorders in the family.  Vital signs are normal.  On laboratory evaluation, blood urea nitrogen level is 14 mg/dL and creatinine is 0.8 mg/dL.  Urinalysis results are as follows: A renal biopsy is performed.  Which of the following findings is most likely to be seen on microscopic evaluation?

• A)Apple-green birefringent mesangial deposits
• B)Crescent formation with linear IgG deposits
• C)Effacement of podocyte foot processes
• D)Granular IgG and C3 deposits
• E)Lamellated basement membrane
• F)Mesangial deposition of IgA
• G)Sclerosis of a portion of some glomeruli
• H)Thin basement membrane

Identify false statements regarding genetic information and its organization within the human genome.

Analyze genetic influence on health-related traits, such as cardiovascular disease risk, through the interpretation of SNP data.

Distinguish between primary and secondary metabolites and their biological significance.

Recognize the importance and criteria for model organism selection in biological research.

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Definitions:

Generalizability

The extent to which the findings from a study can be applied or extended to broader populations, settings, or times.

Ecological Validity

The degree to which the findings of a study can be generalized to real-world settings.

Independent Variables

In experimental research, the variables that are manipulated or changed by the researcher to determine their effect on dependent variables.

Causality

The relationship between cause and effect, where one event (the cause) leads to the outcome or consequence (the effect).