A 68-Year-Old Man Comes to the Emergency Department Due to Cough

question 8

Multiple Choice

A 68-year-old man comes to the emergency department due to cough, breathlessness, and chest pain.  The patient has a medical history of hypertension and type 2 diabetes mellitus.  He is a former smoker with a 20-pack-year history.  Temperature is 38 C (100.4 F) , blood pressure is 130/80 mm Hg, respirations are 22/min, and oxygen saturation is 95% while breathing ambient air.  The trachea is central in position.  There is dullness to percussion over the lower right lung area compared to the resonancy on the left.  Auscultation of the right lower lobe reveals breath sounds that are loud, hollow, and high-pitched.  When the patient recites the word "ninety-nine" in a normal voice, the sound has higher clarity and intensity over the right base compared to other lung areas.  Which of the following is the most likely cause of these findings?

• A)Accumulation of interstitial fluid within the pleural space
• B)Embolic occlusion of a pulmonary segmental artery
• C)Exudation of neutrophil-rich fluid in the lung parenchyma
• D)Leakage of air from spontaneous rupture of visceral pleura
• E)Lung collapse due to a mass causing bronchial obstruction
• F)Transudation of interstitial fluid within the alveolar spaces

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Definitions:

Unity

The state of being united or joined as a whole, especially among members of a group with common interests.

Market Pricing Relationship

A theoretical relationship that determines the price of goods or services in a market based on supply and demand, competition, and other economic factors.

Utility Points

A theoretical measurement used in economics and game theory to represent the amount of satisfaction or happiness an individual receives from a choice or outcome.

Ratio of Price

The proportional relationship between the price of one thing and another, used to compare their values.