A 66-Year-Old Man Comes to the Emergency Department Due to Several

question 350

Multiple Choice

A 66-year-old man comes to the emergency department due to several episodes of lightheadedness and a recent fall.  The symptoms are especially pronounced in the morning when he gets up from bed.  The patient takes medications for hypertension, stable angina pectoris, gout, and benign prostate hyperplasia.  He also has osteoarthritis of the right knee and takes occasional nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs.  His blood pressure is 120/80 mm Hg and pulse is 70/min in the supine position, and 90/60 mm Hg and 87/min on standing, respectively.  Cardiopulmonary examination is normal.  Blockade of which of the following receptors is most likely contributing to this patient's current condition?

• A)α1-adrenergic
• B)α2-adrenergic
• C)β1-adrenergic
• D)β2-adrenergic
• E)D1-dopaminergic

Comprehend the role of object permanence in cognitive development.

Distinguish between different substages of sensorimotor development.

Understand the application of Piaget's cognitive-developmental theory to real-world observations.

Recognize the distinctions between qualitative and quantitative changes in cognitive development.

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Definitions:

Postural Hypotension

A situation in which blood pressure becomes low and the pulse increases when a patient is moved from a lying to a standing position; also known as orthostatic hypotension.

Cardiovascular System

The system comprising the heart and blood vessels that circulates blood throughout the body, delivering oxygen and nutrients while removing carbon dioxide and other wastes.

Integumentary System

The organ system that includes the skin, hair, nails, and exocrine glands, serving as a protective barrier for the body.

Subcutaneous Layer

The layer of tissue directly beneath the skin that contains fat and connective tissues, providing insulation and cushioning to the body.