In an Experiment, 3 L of Isotonic Saline Are Infused

question 251

Multiple Choice

In an experiment, 3 L of isotonic saline are infused intravenously into a healthy volunteer after multiple baseline physiologic parameters are recorded.  Serial blood pressure measurements show an increase in the systolic and diastolic blood pressure.  Ultrasonography reveals an increase in the left ventricular volume and engorgement of the inferior vena cava.  Blood levels of a peptide hormone have also increased compared to baseline.  This hormone is most likely to increase which of the following in this test subject?

• A)Acid content of the urine
• B)Glomerular filtration rate
• C)Renal sodium reabsorption
• D)Renal water reabsorption
• E)Vascular resistance

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Definitions:

Synovial Membrane

A specialized connective tissue that lines the inner surface of capsules of synovial joints and tendon sheath, making synovial fluid to lubricate and reduce friction.

Articular Cartilage

A smooth, white tissue that covers the ends of bones where they come together to form joints, reducing friction and absorbing shock.

Fibrous Capsule

A dense tissue layer that surrounds certain organs, providing support and protection.

Fibrocartilage Disks

Tough, fibrous cartilage structures found in joints, acting as cushions to prevent bone-to-bone contact.