A 3-Week-Old Boy Is Evaluated in the Neonatal Intensive Care

question 43

Multiple Choice

A 3-week-old boy is evaluated in the neonatal intensive care unit due to apnea.  The patient was born at 27 weeks gestation and had a birth weight of 1 kg (2 lb 2 oz) .  For the past 2 weeks, he has been stable on minimal respiratory support via nasal cannula but has had intermittent episodes of no respiratory effort for up to 30 seconds at a time.  These episodes are associated with bradycardia and desaturation.  The patient recovers spontaneously or with brief stimulation from the nurse.  He is well appearing between episodes.  Examination of the lungs reveals bilateral, clear breath sounds with easy work of breathing.  Ultrasound of the head is normal.  Arterial blood gas values are normal.  This patient's clinical findings are most likely caused by an abnormality in which of the following areas?

• A)Central stimulatory neurons
• B)Lower motor neurons
• C)Mixed motor sensory nerves
• D)Peripheral chemoreceptors
• E)Pulmonary stretch receptors

Identify scientifically based treatment approaches for addiction and distinguish them from other approaches.

Recognize the prevalence of addiction counselors who are in recovery themselves.

Comprehend how mental health disorders can predict or influence the development of substance abuse and addiction.

Understand the specific factors that are empirically linked to substance abuse among African American youth.

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Definitions:

Cell Theory

A fundamental scientific theory that postulates that all living organisms are composed of cells, that the cell is the basic unit of life, and that all cells come from pre-existing cells.

Protein Synthesis

The biological process by which cells generate new proteins, involving transcription of DNA to mRNA and translation of mRNA to a specific amino acid sequence.

Double Membrane

A double membrane is a structure featuring two lipid bilayers, such as those surrounding certain organelles, including mitochondria and the nucleus in eukaryotic cells.

Eukaryotic Cells

Cells that contain a nucleus enclosed within membranes, distinct from the simpler prokaryotic cells; they include all plant, animal, fungal, and protist cells.