The Influence of the Researcher's Expectations on the Outcome of the Study

question 47

Multiple Choice

The influence of the researcher's expectations on the outcome of the study refers to

• A)reactivity.
• B)expectancy effects.
• C)ecological validity.
• D)both reactivity and expectancy effects.

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Definitions:

Market Efficiency

The extent to which market prices fully reflect all available information, making it impossible to consistently achieve higher returns.

Emissions

The release or discharge of substances (like gases or pollutants) into the environment, often from industrial or vehicular sources.

Harm

Refers to damage or injury that negatively affects someone or something in a physical, psychological, or financial manner.

Marginal External Cost

The cost of producing one additional unit of a good or service that is borne by people other than the producer, often not reflected in the product's market price.