John Conducted an Experiment to Test the Effectiveness of a Smoking

question 38

Multiple Choice

John conducted an experiment to test the effectiveness of a smoking cessation program. The experiment took place over a 1-month time period. Participants in the control group and the experimental group (those who participated in the smoking cessation program) recorded the number of cigarettes that they smoked each day. John was unaware that "national stop-smoking week" also happened to take place during the 1-month time period of his experiment. John's experiment is now confounded by​

• A)maturation.​
• B)history.
• C)regression to the mean.
• D)mortality.

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Definitions:

Upward-Sloping

Typically refers to the positive slope of a supply curve in economics, indicating that as the price increases, the quantity supplied also increases.

Output

The collective volume of products or services generated by an enterprise, sector, or economic system.

Average-Total-Cost Curve

A graphical representation showing the average cost per unit of output at different levels of production, typically U-shaped due to economies and diseconomies of scale.

Production Function

A mathematical model that describes the relationship between input factors and the output of goods or services.