A Cat Lover Wants to Know If Cats Have Color

question 108

Multiple Choice

A cat lover wants to know if cats have color vision. She teaches her cat to press a green button to obtain a food reward. She then gives the cat a choice between a green and a red button, but only rewards it when it presses the red button. Position of the button is controlled for. The cat is given several practice trials, and then tested 15 times. If the cat cannot distinguish between red and green, what is the probability that it will push the red button at least 12 times out of 15?

• A) 0.0139
• B) 0.0176
• C) 0.0593
• D) 0.0037

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Definitions:

Presidential Election

An electoral process in which citizens vote to elect an individual to serve as the head of the government or the state.

Availability Heuristic

A strategy in which one estimates the frequency or probability of an event by the ease with which mental operations, such as retrieval of examples and construction of examples, can be carried out.

Frequency

In general terms, it refers to how often something occurs within a specific interval or context, such as the number of repetitions of a wave per second in physics.

Expected Utility Theory

A normative model of decision making in which the decision maker weighs the personal importance and probabilities of different outcomes in choosing among alternatives in order to maximize overall satisfaction of personal goals.