Examlex
If the result turns out to be in the direction opposite to a directional H 1 , we must conclude by retaining H 0 .
Simple Random Samples
A subset of individuals chosen from a larger set, where each individual has an equal chance of being selected.
Selection Bias
A type of bias caused by selecting non-random data for statistical analysis, which can affect the validity of conclusions.
Systematic Tendency
A consistent, directional bias or movement in a series of data or measurements, often due to a specific cause.
Individuals
Single entities or members of a population being studied or considered in a statistical or observational analysis.
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