B = 1 ?2- a

question 41

True/False

b = 1 ?2- a .

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Definitions:

Vicarious Punishment

A process by which an individual observes another being punished and thus learns to refrain from the punished behavior.

Drug Tolerance

The phenomenon whereby increasing doses of a drug are required over time to achieve the same effect, often associated with addiction and dependence.

Behavior Modification

Behavior modification is the use of empirically demonstrated behavior change techniques to improve behaviors, often involving reinforcing desired behaviors and decreasing undesired ones.

Operant Conditioning

A teaching methodology where the impact of a behavior is fine-tuned by the application of motivating or deterring factors.