C 2obt Cannot Be Negative

question 17

True/False

c 2obt cannot be negative.

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Definitions:

Internal Validity

The extent to which changes in the independent variable caused changes in the dependent variable.

Independent Variable

A variable in an experiment that is manipulated or changed by the researcher to observe its effect on the dependent variable.

Dependent Variable

In an experimental setting, it is the variable being tested and measured, expected to change as a result of manipulations to the independent variable.

Internal Validity

The degree to which an experiment or study accurately measures or tests what it intends to, without the influence of external factors.