Congenital Anomalies Can Occur with the Use of Antiepileptic Drugs,including

question 26

Multiple Choice

Congenital anomalies can occur with the use of antiepileptic drugs,including (select all that apply)

• A) Cleft lip
• B) Congenital heart disease
• C) Neural tube defects
• D) Gastroschisis
• E) Diaphragmatic hernia.

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Definitions:

Citric Acid Cycle

Series of chemical reactions in which citric acid is converted into oxaloacetic acid, carbon dioxide is formed, and energy is released. The oxaloacetic acid can combine with acetyl-CoA to form citric acid and restart the cycle. The energy released is used to form NADH, FADH2, and ATP.

Electron-Transport Chain

Series of electron carriers in the inner mitochondrial membrane; they receive electrons from NADH and FADH2, using the electrons in the formation of ATP and water.

Glycolysis

Glycolysis is a series of enzymatic reactions that break down glucose into pyruvate, producing energy in the form of ATP, and occurs in the cytoplasm of cells.

Lactate Formation

The conversion of pyruvate into lactate by anaerobic glycolysis, often occurring in muscles during intense exercise.