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A 54-Year-Old Man Comes to the Emergency Department Due to Progressive

question 184

Multiple Choice

A 54-year-old man comes to the emergency department due to progressive shortness of breath, lower extremity swelling, and decreased urine output for the past week. The patient has a history of nonischemic cardiomyopathy and heart failure with reduced ejection fraction. Medications include metoprolol succinate, lisinopril, spironolactone, and furosemide. He has been on stable doses of medication for the past 6 months but admits that he "misses some doses now and then." Temperature is 98.5 F (36.9 C) , blood pressure is 112/64 mm Hg, pulse is 90/min, and respirations are 20/min. Oxygen saturation is 93% on room air. Physical examination shows jugular venous distension. S1 and S2 are normal and there are no murmurs. An S3 is heard. Crackles are heard at the bilateral lung bases. The abdomen is distended and there is 2+ pitting lower extremity edema bilaterally. Laboratory results (current and from 3 weeks ago) are as follows: $A 54-year-old man comes to the emergency department due to progressive shortness of breath, lower extremity swelling, and decreased urine output for the past week. The patient has a history of nonischemic cardiomyopathy and heart failure with reduced ejection fraction. Medications include metoprolol succinate, lisinopril, spironolactone, and furosemide. He has been on stable doses of medication for the past 6 months but admits that he misses some doses now and then. Temperature is 98.5 F (36.9 C) , blood pressure is 112/64 mm Hg, pulse is 90/min, and respirations are 20/min. Oxygen saturation is 93% on room air. Physical examination shows jugular venous distension. S1 and S2 are normal and there are no murmurs. An S3 is heard. Crackles are heard at the bilateral lung bases. The abdomen is distended and there is 2+ pitting lower extremity edema bilaterally. Laboratory results (current and from 3 weeks ago) are as follows: Urinalysis is unremarkable. Which of the following is the most likely cause of this patient's acute kidney injury? A) Elevated central venous pressure B) Glomerular hyperfiltration C) Low blood oncotic pressure D) Reduced left ventricular preload E) Renal artery stenosis$ Urinalysis is unremarkable. Which of the following is the most likely cause of this patient's acute kidney injury?

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Intrinsic Value

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Call Option

A financial contract giving the buyer the right, but not the obligation, to buy a specified amount of an underlying asset at a predetermined price within a specified time frame.

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