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A 62-Year-Old Man Comes to the Office Due to Difficulty

question 1273

Multiple Choice

A 62-year-old man comes to the office due to difficulty swallowing both solids and liquids. The patient's symptoms have progressively worsened over the last 3 months. He also has occasional regurgitation of undigested food and a nighttime cough that disturbs his sleep. He has never had similar symptoms before. The patient has lost 4.5 kg (10 lb) during this period but has no other medical problems and takes no medications. He has a 20-pack-year smoking history but quit 10 years ago. He drinks wine on the weekends. Vital signs are normal, and his physical examination is unremarkable. Chest x-ray reveals a widened mediastinum, and barium studies show a dilated esophagus with smooth tapering of the distal esophagus. Which of the following is the best next step in management of this patient?

Evaluate the challenges in assessing ethical leadership based on stakeholder values and interests.

Gain insight into the dynamics of ethical culture and climate within organizational settings.

Understand the differences between descriptive field studies and experimental designs in terms of their setup and aims.

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Definitions:

Strategic Intent

Strategic intent focuses and applies organisational energies on a unifying and compelling goal.

Organise Resources

The process of efficiently and effectively deploying and allocating organizational assets, including financial, human, and material resources.

Allocate Resources

The act of distributing available assets, such as time, money, and manpower, among various projects or departments to achieve organizational goals.

Strategic Management

The formulation, implementation, and evaluation of actions and decisions that will enable an organization to achieve its long-term objectives.