A 61-Year-Old Man Comes to the Office for Evaluation of Urinary

question 997

Multiple Choice

A 61-year-old man comes to the office for evaluation of urinary symptoms.  Review of systems is positive for nocturnal urinary frequency, occasional dribbling, and a weak urinary stream for the past 3 months.  The patient was diagnosed with type 2 diabetes mellitus 16 years ago.  Other medical conditions include hypertension, myocardial infarction 2 years ago, and moderately decreased visual acuity.  Blood pressure is 160/100 mm Hg and pulse is 60/min.  Examination shows a left-sided carotid bruit and trace bilateral ankle edema.  Postvoid bladder residual volume is 40 mL.  Dipstick urinalysis reveals 2+ protein and no blood.  Serum creatinine level is 2.1 mg/dL.  Hemoglobin A1c is 7.3%.  Which of the following is the most likely cause of this patient's chronic kidney disease?

• A)Microangiopathy
• B)Minimal change nephropathy
• C)Neurogenic bladder
• D)Obstructive uropathy
• E)Renal papillary necrosis

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Definitions:

Manufacturing Overhead Applied

The allocation of manufacturing overhead costs to the units produced, based on a predetermined formula.

Manufacturing Overhead Rate

The ratio of manufacturing overhead costs to the base used for allocating these costs, typically used to assign overhead costs to products.

Machine Hours

A measure of the total time a machine operates, often used as a basis for allocating manufacturing overhead costs in production.

Overapplied Overhead

A situation where the allocated manufacturing overhead cost exceeds the actual manufacturing overhead cost incurred.