A 55-Year-Old Man Is Brought to the Office Due to Unusual

question 158

Multiple Choice

A 55-year-old man is brought to the office due to unusual movements of his face and extremities.  He lives in a group home and was noted to be sticking out his tongue, smacking his lips, and twisting his body from side to side, actions that were disruptive to the other residents.  The patient has a history of schizoaffective disorder that has been treated with risperidone, fluoxetine, and clonazepam for more than 20 years.  Examination shows protruding and twisting movements of the tongue, dystonic postures of the neck, and squirming movements of the torso.  Which of the following is the most likely underlying cause of this patient's symptoms?

• A)Caudate nucleus atrophy
• B)Dopamine receptor downregulation
• C)Dopamine receptor supersensitivity
• D)GABA receptor upregulation
• E)Glutamate receptor supersensitivity
• F)Serotonin receptor downregulation
• G)Ventral tegmental area atrophy

---

Definitions:

Discrimination Charge

An accusation made against an individual or organization regarding unfair treatment based on race, gender, age, or other protected characteristics.

Legal Battle

A dispute resolved in the court system between two or more parties over legal rights or responsibilities.

Conflict Handling Style

The approach or methodology an individual uses to address and resolve disputes or disagreements.

Conflict Avoidance

A strategy or behavior aimed at preventing or minimizing disputes by avoiding confrontational situations or discussions.