A 16-Year-Old Boy Comes to the Emergency Department Due to a Dirt

question 125

Multiple Choice

A 16-year-old boy comes to the emergency department due to a dirt bike collision.  Trauma evaluation reveals a femur fracture, and the patient undergoes open reduction and internal fixation.  He receives a packed red blood cell transfusion postoperatively.  Five minutes after the transfusion begins, the patient acutely develops chills and severe flank pain.  Temperature is 39.1 C (102.4 F) , blood pressure is 88/40 mm Hg, pulse is 130/min, and respirations are 30/min.  Physical examination shows bleeding around the intravenous catheter site.  Breath sounds are normal.  Which of the following is the most likely cause of this patient's transfusion reaction?

• A)ABO incompatibility
• B)Anamnestic antibody response
• C)Bacterial contamination of the blood product
• D)Cytokine release from the transfused blood product
• E)Preformed antibodies against IgA

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Definitions:

Future Value

The value of an investment at a specified date in the future, considering factors like interest rates and time.

Compounded Semi-Annually

Interest calculation method where the compounding occurs twice a year, impacting the total interest earned or paid on investments or loans.

RRSP

Registered Retirement Savings Plan, a Canadian investment account for holding savings and investment assets, with certain tax benefits.

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A method that involves computing interest for a month by adding it to both the original principal sum and the interest that has been accumulated from past periods.