A 68-Year-Old Man with No Previous History of Renal Disease

question 22

Multiple Choice

A 68-year-old man with no previous history of renal disease is evaluated in the postoperative unit due to decreased urine output.  The patient was admitted due to severe abdominal pain, fever, and vomiting.  Evaluation revealed perforated sigmoid diverticulitis, and the patient underwent urgent sigmoid resection.  Postoperatively, he has received maintenance intravenous fluids and piperacillin/tazobactam.  In the day since surgery, the patient has had 200 mL of urine output.  Temperature is 37.1 C (98.8 F) , blood pressure is 100/70 mm Hg, and pulse is 96/min.  The lungs are clear to auscultation, and heart sounds are normal.  The abdomen shows postoperative changes with sluggish bowel sounds.  The patient has no skin rash.  Laboratory results are as follows: Urinalysis reveals no sediment, and bladder scanning reveals no urine.  Which of the following is the best next step in management of this patient?

• A)Bolus of isotonic saline
• B)Discontinuation of antibiotics
• C)Dopamine infusion
• D)Intravenous furosemide
• E)Intravenous mannitol
• F)Intravenous urography

Explain the role of plant hormones in growth, development, and response to environmental stimuli.

Understand the interactions of plant hormones with their receptors.

Discuss the impact of physical and chemical treatments on plant growth and development.

Analyze the role of light in plant growth and development, including the effect on seed germination and phototropism.

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Definitions:

Prefrontal Cortex

The region of the brain involved in decision making, social behavior, and personality expression.

Cerebellum

A part of the brain located at the back of the skull, responsible for coordinating and regulating muscular activity.

Medial Temporal Lobe

A region of the brain crucial for the formation and retrieval of memory.

Striatum

A subcortical part of the forebrain, involved in the reward system and the processing of movement and motivation.