Use I = Increase, D = Decrease, or N = No effect, to indicate the effect on retained earnings for each of the listed transactions. 
Definitions:
Closed-Ended
Pertaining to a type of question or survey item that provides a limited set of specific answers from which respondents must choose, often facilitating easier analysis.
Leading
The act of directing or guiding individuals or groups towards a goal or desired outcome.
Negative Questions
Survey questions that ask respondents what they don’t think instead of what they do think.
Belittle
To disparage or diminish the importance or value of someone or something in a derogatory manner.
Q20: Revenue and expense items and components of
Q26: What was shareholders' equity as of December
Q41: During its first year of operations, Criswell
Q124: Prior period adjustment<br>A)No journal entry needed, but
Q138: F Co. declares a 5% stock dividend.
Q144: Red Inc. issues shares of stock with
Q151: If a company's deferred tax asset is
Q161: Leasehold improvements usually are classified in a
Q168: Retained earnings might be reduced by each
Q204: Price-earnings ratio<br>A)Factored into EPS if the stock