A 54-Year-Old Man Comes to the Office for a Routine

question 493

Multiple Choice

A 54-year-old man comes to the office for a routine follow-up visit.  He feels well and has had no ongoing symptoms but has noticed a slow increase in his weight over the past year.  He says, "When the nurse weighed me around this time last year I was 74.8 kg (165 lb) and now I am 82.5 kg (182 lb) .  I don't know what's causing that; my diet hasn't changed."  The patient was diagnosed with HIV a year ago and initiated on antiretroviral therapy, which improved his CD4 count and viral load.  He has no other chronic medical problems and has tested negative for hepatitis B and C viruses.  His father had coronary artery disease and died of a myocardial infarction at age 55.  The patient has a 28-pack-year smoking history and continues to smoke a pack of cigarettes daily.  He used intravenous drugs in the past but is currently not using alcohol or illicit drugs.  Temperature is 36.5 C (97.7 F) , blood pressure is 112/72 mm Hg, pulse is 76/min, and respirations are 16/min.  BMI is 26.9 kg/m².  There is adipose tissue deposition on the back of the neck.  Abdominal examination reveals increased girth without a substantial increase in subcutaneous fat and palpable hepatomegaly with a soft, nontender liver edge.  No striae, bruising, or skin atrophy are present.
Which of the following is most likely to be associated with this patient's condition?

• A)Adrenal hyperplasia
• B)Insulin resistance
• C)Hepatic cirrhosis
• D)Low testosterone level
• E)Pituitary adenoma

Understand the role and techniques of naturalistic observation in assessing behavior.

Comprehend the significance of neurobiological focus in diagnostic classification systems.

Recognize the ethical and practical implications of psychiatric diagnoses and the use of DSM-5 criteria.

Appreciate the diversity of therapeutic approaches and understand the complexities involved in diagnosing and treating psychological disorders.

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Definitions:

Beccaria And Bentham

Cesare Beccaria and Jeremy Bentham were Enlightenment thinkers whose ideas on legal reform and utilitarianism significantly influenced the development of the modern criminal justice system.

Control Crime

Control crime refers to the efforts and measures put in place to prevent, reduce, or eliminate criminal activities and maintain public safety.

Functionalist Theory

A sociological perspective that views society as a complex system whose parts work together to promote solidarity and stability, focusing on the functions of different social institutions.

Differential Association Theory

A theory in criminology that suggests individuals learn deviant behavior through their interactions and communications with others.