A Graduate Student Conducting Research on the Association Between Vitamin

question 475

Multiple Choice

A graduate student conducting research on the association between vitamin D₃ supplementation and cancer is reviewing the abstract of a recently published journal article.
Which of the following conclusions can be drawn from the results of the study?

• A)BMI modifies the effect of vitamin D₃ on metastatic cancer
• B)Only BMI ≥30 kg/m² is significantly associated with an increase in metastatic cancers
• C)The effect of vitamin D₃ on cancer mortality is significant only for certain individuals
• D)Vitamin D₃ is significantly associated with a reduction in cancer mortality regardless of BMI level

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Definitions:

Test Statistic

A numerical value calculated from a statistical test's data, used to determine whether to reject the null hypothesis.

Degrees Of Freedom

The number of independent values or quantities that can vary in the analysis without violating any constraints.

Significance Level

The probability threshold below which the null hypothesis is rejected in a statistical test, often denoted by alpha (α).

Cohen's D

A measure of effect size indicating the standardized difference between two means.